We suggest a composite hardness equation and quantify the magnitude of hardness increase by using an equation based on the interface hardness and the interface thickness, derived by comparing results derived from this equation and those determined in nanoindentation tests.
In the last step, defected system electric field is related to the perfect system electric field by applying an equation based on the Lippmann-Schwinger formalism.
In all the examples, the primary factors that had been proposed in experimental studies were successfully identified by using an equation based on our previous proposal.
Third, the cost of acquiring land for protection was calculated by applying an equation based on a study of 139 terrestrial conservation programs worldwide [25] (see Text S1).
And the band positions of photocatalysts evaluated by an empirical equation based on the element electronegativity is in accordance with the actual band potentials.
Analytical signals for the absorption mode are provided by an empirical equation based on RGB vector norms (||vRGB||) taken in blank and after light absorption, while ||vRGB|| is directly used to acquire emission signals.
Simulated runoff events were generated by the hydrological model SWMM version 5 while simulated TSS loads were generated by an empirical equation based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation version 2 (RUSLE2).
The interfacial interaction, quantitatively evaluated by a proposed equation based on rubber elasticity and reinforcement theory, was consistently increased.
