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This latter analysis is carried out by aligning each sample-specific reconstructed contig against the related macro-haplogroup-specific consensus sequence (Supplementary Information) to recognize, via a prioritization process, private variants, deserving further clinical investigation.

Each sample in a study was normalized by aligning the median of each sample to a common reference.

By aligning samples positive and negative for SARS-CoV in an alternating manner for extraction by the modified protocol of the large volume kit, there was no evidence of carry-over contamination.

As first step, the shape model is built by aligning the given shape samples l 1, …, l N with respect to translation, rotation, and scale via Procrustes analysis [38, 39], resulting in shapes s 1, …, s N. The shape variations are then parameterized by applying principal component analysis (PCA) to the matrix S = ( s 1 − s ¯, …, s N − s ¯ ), where s ¯ = 1 N ∑ n = 1 N s n is the mean shape.

Transcript abundance was calculated by aligning reads from each of the tissue samples to the transcripts using Bowtie2 v2.1.0 followed by RSEM for FPKM values.

Gene expression levels were quantified as reads aligned to specific genes normalized for the total number of reads aligned in each sample.

The resulting ratio was normalized by the ratio of the total reads uniquely aligned for each sample.

In short, a combined centroid was defined as a weighted average of the centroids for ER-negative and ER-positive samples, and each sample was centered by aligning the combined centroid with the centroid of the training data set provided in [ 34], achieved by subtracting the combined centroid from the expression vector of each sample and then adding the centroid of the training data set.

Additional measurements obtained by aligning the draw axis of the sample parallel or perpendicular to the static magnetic field indicate that the fast all-trans component is oriented along the drawing direction and subjected to rapid motion around the chain axis.

Theoretical homeo-SNP positions (variants between homeologous regions caused by ambiguous mapping of homeologous reads from different subgenomes in the allotetraploid) were determined by aligning the TM-1 Illumina-based sample, which is the same genotype as the reference, to call SNPs using the same parameters as all other samples.

In order to account for the peculiar trend in the SiNW etch rate, the etch rates at the tip and base of the SiNWs were also determined from the cross-sectional SEM images by aligning the micrograph of an etched Si sample with that of an unetched Si sample from the same wafer at the backside (see Additional file 1: Figure S1).

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