In contrast, transcripts encoding products involved in protein synthesis and transcription were underrepresented (although with a p-value > 0.05), consistent with the fact that cell proliferation is impaired by mutations affecting cell wall biogenesis [ 44].
The greater peroxidase activity and lignin content are likely to be responsible for changes affecting cell wall stiffness and expansion of fruits yielded by TAGL1 silencing plants.
However, certain mutations affecting cell wall stability increase chitin levels to as much as 20% of total wall polymers [ 73].
Some were defective in cell size and demonstrated misregulation of genes predominantly affecting cell wall development.
Zymolyase, CR, and CAS affect cell wall composition by inhibiting the synthesis of β-1,3-glucan (52, 53), whereas chitinase degrades chitin in the cell wall.
However, the carbon source is likely to affect cell wall biogenesis by impacting directly upon metabolic fluxes as well as indirectly through regulatory networks (Ihmels et al., 2005; Martchenko et al., ; Askew et al., 2009).
In C. albicans, temperature affects the resistance of C. albicans to cell wall stresses but not osmotic stress, whereas Hsp90 depletion affects cell wall biogenesis by impairing the activation of its client proteins Mkc1 and Hog1, as well as Cek1 (Leach et al. 2012).
Since the cytoplasmic membrane is essential for cell wall synthesis and turnover, the cytoplasmic membrane alteration may also affect cell wall integrity (73), as indicated by the irregular thickening and more "fuzzy" cell walls of ramoplanin-treated MSSA.
The subtle changes in cell wall polysaccharide composition revealed by glycome profiling also indicate that changes in the C1 pathway may affect cell wall structure.
