A GLM test revealed that fitness was affected by the treatment significantly (F1,160 = 105.32, P < 0.0001), by months (M) with a weak effect (F2,160 = 9.63, P = 0.055), while the interaction between treatment and months was ineffective (F2,160 = 2.04, P = 0.133).
In contrast to the DAF and MCP shRNA approach, silencing DAF or MCP by shRNA had only a weak effect on ME180 cells and negative shRNA had no effect at all.
The inhibition kinetics with NADH as the varied substrate were best described by noncompetitive (mixed) inhibition, with a weak effect on the KM for NADH (Ki′NAD+ = 1.4 ± 0.34 mM) and a much stronger effect on kcat (Ki″NAD+ = 0.03 0.05 mM).
But this seems a weak effect, often overwhelmed by other factors.
This is <5% of the typical per capita impact of industrialized, non-insular populations [54], which suggests a weak effect of direct input by humans to the observed gradient in nutrient concentrations across the archipelago (Table 1).
Based on previous findings that D. melanogaster Lhr has a weak effect on hybrid lethality, we reasoned that our screen has the ability to identify major-effect genes in D. simulans by detecting weak effects of deleting the D. melanogaster ortholog.
These data demonstrate that HFD favours the polarization of peritoneal macrophages towards a M2 profile and that this differentiation is strongly potentiated by rosiglitazone, whereas WY14643 has a weaker effect.
Based on previous experiments in human mononuclear cells [ 7] we assumed a reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines of at least 30% by application of Pep 2.5 and a weaker effect in the other groups.
Note that the strongest genetic predictor by far for coronary heart disease had a weaker effect than the weakest predictor for hypertriglyceridemia.
Even though expression of RING-PR had a weaker effect than that caused by expression of RING-SH2Drk, high level expression of RING-PR, induced by hsGal4 (Figure S1D), also effectively down-regulated EGFR signaling and caused about 1/3 of the eggshells to display the intermediate ventralization phenotype (Table 3, Figure 1C).
