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Additional comments from open text boxes were examined and themed using content analysis by two independent coders and ratified by a third coder.
Adjudication by a third coder (biomechanist).
Discrepancies in double coding were reconciled through discussion, and if necessary, by a third coder.
Discordance was resolved by consensus or by a third coder (CB).
A random sample of 20% of the articles was then coded by a third coder who was previously uninvolved in the project.
The coded data sets were then merged and reviewed by a third coder (the validator) to reconcile nearly identical quotations, codes carrying different labels yet referring to the same phenomenon, and codes needing further discussion to reach consensus.
Similar(54)
Each transcript was coded by one coder, then reviewed, summarized, and analyzed by a second coder.
A single coder analyzed all transcripts, with > 25% of transcripts coded by a second coder to ensure quality control and consistency.
Interrater reliability was assessed on a randomly selected set of 240 gestures (18 %) by a second coder who was trained and blind to the experimental design.
A number of coded plans (one regional policy statement, one CDEM plan, two land use plans) were randomly recoded by a second coder, at various times throughout the coding process.
Inter-observer reliability was assessed by a second coder who was blind to the nature of the stimuli.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com