Sentence examples for by a surface reaction from inspiring English sources
Consider a ceramic in an environment, corroding gradually by a surface reaction.
This suggests that the process is controlled by a surface reaction, since the energy of activation for the corrosion process is above 20 kJ mol−1.
This paper reports a theoretical study of thermal convection in a fluid-saturated porous medium generated by a surface reaction.
Breakthrough curves were simulated by a surface reaction model (Bohart Adams) and were predicted a priori by a mass transfer model (Klinkenberg) using external and intraparticle mass transfer coefficients from engineering correlation and batch kinetic data, respectively.
The deposition processes of these monetite coatings were controlled by a surface reaction and their apparent activation energies were 20.26, 22.17, and 31.07 kJ/mol at 289, 319 and 381 kHz.
Moreover, Ruby et al. stated that, if the dissolution of the Pb-bearing mineral is controlled by a surface reaction rate, then the transit time will control that dissolution, suggesting that the impact of retention time in an in vitro test will depend on the form of the substrate studied [69].
Process simulation using one-dimensional axial dispersion and plug-flow models demonstrates that efficiency of the catalyst bed for phenol removal is influenced by the mass-transfer rate of oxygen from the gas phase to the bulk liquid phase, and by resistance due to a surface reaction step.
Given the rapid oxidation and release of iron into solution when pyrite is dispersed in water, pyrite may promote the Fenton reaction by providing dissolved iron or via a surface reaction.
These species are formed by a slow surface reaction between the adsorbed oxygen and copper atoms or ions at potentials E>0.55 V versus NHE.
The data are interpreted in terms of an initial outer-sphere reaction followed by a surface exchange reaction that is rate-limiting.
Kinetics analysis indicates that the leaching process of cobalt could be divided into two stages: the first stage is controlled by a surface chemical reaction, and the second stage is controlled by a combination of the surface chemical reaction and diffusion.
