Sentence examples for by a standard normal from inspiring English sources

Assume that a real waveform s1 t) is transmitted over a channel that rotates it by a standard normal phase θ1 and adds a nonwhite noise n(t).

The idea of rule-of-thumb [13] is to replace the unknown probability density, f, in (18) by a standard normal distribution that has mean μ and variance σ 2, i.e., (mathcal {N}(mu,sigma ^{2})).

Specifically, for parameter α, we can approximate the distribution of (frac {ln ({hat alpha }) - ln (alpha)}{sqrt {Var(ln ({hat alpha }))}}) by a standard normal distribution, where the variance of the log-transformed MLE, (Var(ln ({hat alpha }))), can be approximated by delta method as {widehat {Var}}(ln ({hat alpha})) = frac{{widehat {Var}}({hat alpha})}{{hat alpha}^{2}}.

which is transmitted over a channel that rotates it by a standard normal phase θ and adds a doubly white Gaussian noise v(t i ) correlated with the signal with R x v ( t i, t j ) = 1 25 t i 2 t j 1 25 t i 2 t j 1 25 t i 2 t j 1 25 t i 2 t j.

S is the factor matrix with dimension k × n, with each element modeled by a standard normal distribution.

Then the variance of average time to 'cure' is given by: and the 95% confidence interval around average time to 'cure' is given by a standard Normal approximation:.

Trait phenotypes were simulated by adding a standard normal residual effect to the genotypic value of each animal.

The phenotypes of the trait were simulated by adding a standard normal residual effect to the genotypic value of each animal.

For each circuit, the mean and standard deviation were computed based on the appearance in each of the 1000 randomized matrices, and the P value and Z score were estimated by assuming a standard normal distribution.

The latter can be the additional restriction that the variance of the latent distribution is equal to one, that is, the model is identified by assuming a standard normal distribution, N 0,1), for the latent ability parameters θ j.

For each module, the hub gene's expression values for 250 samples were simulated first, by drawing from a standard normal distribution.