Sentence examples for by a soil layer from inspiring English sources

We focus on the hillside system composed of a thick lateritic weathering cover topped by a soil layer.

Impedance functions for a rigid massless circular foundation resting on a soil layer underlain by a rigid base subjected to vertical harmonic excitation are found using one-dimensional wave propagation in cones.

A displacement method using the FLAC3D program is used to evaluate the response of piles caused by an embankment slope in a translational failure mode, induced by a weak soil layer or a liquefied layer beneath the embankment.

In plot A overlain by a thick soil layer ⩾2 m, interflow was mainly generated within an aquitard at a shallow depth (∼1 m).

The aquifer is generally covered by a clay soil layer as well as by a clay-alluvial layer near the main streams (Koontanakulvong 2006; Promma et al. 2007).

From the time integration of these instantaneous fluxes the cumulative ones and the water gained by the soil layer in a specified time interval are obtained.

The Qilian Mountains are generally capped by a productive silty soil layer wherever the environment allows.

Bulk root 13C signature was not significantly affected by treatment, soil layer or time (Fig. S5).

Three distinct patterns were found among these genes: nrfA and norB were highly influenced by ecozone (average, 38.9% of variability), nifH, nirK, and bacterial amoA were strongly influenced by the soil layer (average, 51.4%) and nirS, nosZ and archaeal amoA showed little influence of any of the explanatory factors with around 80% of variation remaining unexplained.

After covered by additional clay soil layer, CH4 fluxes dropped by approximately 35 times in the following three seasons compared to the previous three seasons in lift B2.

The high resistance/resistivity of the uppermost section above zone (a) is most probably because of the section being a dry top soil layer followed by a gradually more saturated saprock above a water table at 8 m depth.