This class of E3 enzymes seems to use a sequential addition mechanism, by which ubiquitin molecules are added one at a time from the catalytic cysteine to the distal lysine of the growing chain (Kim & Huibregtse, 2009).
The 2009 ADA/EASD algorithm (1) recommended initiation of therapy with metformin to achieve HbA1c <7.0%, followed by, importantly, sequential addition of a sulfonylurea.
HS chain extension requires the subsequent transfer of a GlcNAc residue, followed by the sequential addition of alternative GlcA and GlcNAc residues to generate a non-branched polymer.
Oligonucleotides conjugated at both 3′ and 5′-ends with glucose residues, 4,6-linked through a phosphodiester bridge, have been synthesized by sequential addition of a 6-O-DMT-glucose-4-phosphoramidite building block following a standard automated ODN assembly procedure.
I will now describe the second point of the theory: if evolution is based on interactions, then a trait arises not by sequential addition of one change at a time, each serviceable on its own, but by gradual stabilization of the trait as a complex whole by a process of convergence on the population level, as defined below.
As is known from the literature sources (Kairbekov et al. 2008), the mechanism of the reaction involves a heterolytic dissociation of hydrogen into a metal cation, followed by sequential addition of the hydride ion and the proton on the double bond of hydrogenated compound.
Polysaccharides and glycans are made by the sequential addition of monosaccharides by glycosyltransferase from a reactive sugar-phosphate donor such as uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) to an acceptor hydroxyl group on the growing polysaccharide.
Briefly, the nascent product is built up by sequential addition of a new element at each module it traverses.
Significance of terms was assessed in two ways: (i) each parameter estimate from linear models was compared to zero using marginal t-tests; and (ii) terms in the models were additionally tested by sequential addition to a null model (sequential analysis of deviance tables; Additional file 8: Table S3).
