Sentence examples for by a probability equal from inspiring English sources
The first decision concerns the individuals to choose or not to choose, given by a probability equal to <img src="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/asset?id=info?doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0018901.e091.PNG" class= inline-graphic"/>.
This is achieved by allocating a probability equal to 1-P rvertt p_mathrm{i,s})) to all configurations that do not involve parameter states included in the selected parameter configuration (i.e. (forall P(rvert p_mathrm{i,j}) = 1-P rvert p_mathrm{i,s})), where (j ne s)).
The distribution of these amino acids on these codons is not random and is obtained, by pure chance, with a probability equal to 3.9 × 10-4 (see Appendix).
Each time a synonymous substitution was identified, it was replaced by the ancestral state with a probability equal to the constraint.
Missing genotypes were imputed independently locus by locus by sampling alleles twice from a Bernoulli distribution with probability equal to its observed allele frequency.
By setting the dark state probability equal to 1 – p we are implicitly assuming that fluorophores spend a negligible amount of time in the excited state.
The critical value for a test of size α is equal to the value χ2, where this is the value, which is exceeded by the χ12 random variable with probability equal to 2α (Coelli 1998).
We have chosen a probability level equal to 0.01.
Figure 2 shows that the p120 subfamily forms a monophyletic clade supported by a posterior probability (PP) equal to 0.8 and the beta subfamily forms a separate monophyletic clade (PP = 1.0).
With no mobility of UEs, the outage probability equals zero by the clustering result ensuring the connectivity constraints from the clustering algorithm.
When for simplicity each peptide within the final sample is considered to be unique (even when multiple exact sequence copies exists), its pooling probability equals its abundance divided by the total number of peptides within the initial peptide population.
