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The improvement seen on von Frey and GOT thresholds may be explained, at least in part, by a practice effect occurring in both groups over the five-day period.
The slightly lower mean scores obtained for the second test could be explained by a practice effect since the children were already familiar with the items.
Similar(57)
Shortening the study duration needed to answer the specific question of the trial undermines the validity of the results, may mask true treatment effects, and may confound results by introducing a practice effect on test scores.
To avoid a practice effect, a parallel version of equivalent difficulty was created by shifting each piece to the right.
There may be a practice effect that contributes to productivity.
However, because we found neither treatment by general practice interaction nor a general practice effect (so that the intraclass correlation was 0 rather than 0.02 as anticipated, see (22)), the present study still has enough power to detect significant differences with small effect sizes (90% power for an effect size d = 0.20 and 80% for d = 0.17 and 66% for d = 0.15.
The prevalence of depression was estimated from the patient's screening PHQ-9 scores (using a cut-off score >9 to define a positive case) with a 95% confidence interval taking into account the clustering by practice effect [ 12].
Fourth, reported quality of care, as measured by the QOF indicators, represents only a fraction of the care provided by a practice, and the effect of clinical computing systems on the quality of care for other (non-incentivised) activities might be different.
In addition, multiple assessment on a single day was able to successfully differentiate MCI from normal controls by showing a lack of practice effect [ 71].
The rTMS is associated with an improvement in selective cognitive functions that is not explained by practice effects on tasks administered repeatedly.
It is difficult to interpret this as the drug effect could be confounded by practice effects.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com