Sentence examples for by a null model from inspiring English sources

In order to prove that this result is not casual, yet in Fig. 6 upper left) we report the distribution generated by a null model: for each customer, each individual footprint is randomly assigned to a collective footprint.

The observed components were then compared with those expected by a null model that randomized all the individual corals within the tested site.

Consequently, the standardised specialisation index (d') was significantly higher in the algal farms of cichlid species, with the exceptions of I. loocki and T. temporalis, than in a random network provided by a null model.

However, Katzourakis et al. [ 19] by modelling ERV evolutionary dynamics demonstrated that such a star shaped phylogeny can be generated by a "null model" in which all parameters are set constant through out time.

It is the logarithm of the ratio between the probability that the sequence is generated by a profile HMM and the probability that it is generated by a null model.

We estimated the spatial pattern by designing a null model, similar to previous studies [ 23].

This method tests for positive selection by comparing a null model of neutral evolution to a model of positive selection on those branches (Zhang et al., 2005).

We assess the significance of this observed percentage of intradomain triples by generating a null model with 100 shuffled topological domain decompositions for each chromosome (Methods).

CODEML (PAML version 4, [ 72]) was also used to detect positive selection by comparing a null model and a model that allows positive selection (M1 vs. M2 and M7 vs. M8).

We tested for stoichiometric asymmetry by selecting a null model that assumes that coexisting repeat arrangements (i.e., those that coexist in the same master or subgenomic circular chromosome) should be present at equal frequencies.

The test identifies genes with particular codons showing evidence of positive selection by comparing a null model, where d N /d S is never allowed to exceed 1 (so only negative or neutral evolution is considered), to an alternative model in which some sites on the G. magnirostris lineage are allowed to have ω >1 (implying positive selection).