A modified hazard index approach has been proposed [ 10], using the hazard index developed for additive effects as a basis and accounting for interactions by multiplying the HI with a factor reflecting both the uncertainty and the strength of evidence that interactions take place.
Given the hypotheses on X t and α t in the t th frame as well as P t, the corresponding synthesized shape y t can be created by the generative model (9) followed by a scaling factor reflecting the range z t ∈ X t.
We show in the 'Materials and methods' that incorporating decay effectively decreases λ by a factor 1/(1 + d), reflecting the smaller neighborhood of sharing, and also effectively decreases b by the same factor, reflecting the diminished absolute amount of public goods.
In conclusion, the results indicate that diversity and species composition are significantly influenced by factors reflecting the formation and subsequent succession of pools.
8 Second, the success rate of smoking cessation during pregnancy is substantially influenced by factors reflecting level of addiction, including age at onset of smoking and possibly other factors not accounted for in the analyses.
By weighting traveling time and maintenance cost by a factor that reflects their relative importance, the road network with highest benefit-to-cost ratio is realized by either a more flexible or a more efficient design, depending on the weighting factor.
In Equation 1 the initial capital costs ( I 0 E ) multiplied by the annuity factor reflect the annual capital expenditures.
To determine whether observed differences across socio-economic groups were explained by differences in factors reflecting social disadvantage (identified as SD in Table 4) or by differing health status between the groups (identified as H in Table 4), we conducted a second and third set of analyses in which, alternately, these factors were added to the equation.
The improvements seen by adding in the GC ratio factor reflect the sequence dependent influence of DNA fragment geometry on fragment migration.
Indeed, aging of the skin can be modulated by internal and external factors, reflecting its complexity.
