Sentence examples for by a coding rate from inspiring English sources

The modulation scheme is always accompanied by a coding rate that allows to determine if there are any errors introduced in the signal during transmission.

It is also shown that the proposed method with 2/4-QAM outperforms the conventional relaying methods over most of the γ SR avg range for γ SD avg = 2 dB and γ RD avg = 8 dB, by using a coding rate of 2 5 for 1 dB ≤ γ SR avg ≤ 2.8 dB, then the coding rate of 1 2 over γ SR avg ≥ 2.8 dB.

Each data rate is calculated using some form of forward error correction with a coding rate expressed by (k/n), where (n) coded bits are transmitted for every (k) bits of data.

In [15], the authors proposed systematic construction steps of a row-monomial D-STBC with a code rate bounded by 2/(2+N), where N denotes the number of relays.

In other words, the encode length is not restricted by a finite coding rate and it can be as many as needed.

The number of transmitted bits by the relay is determined by the coding rate.

Each nominal data rate is found by multiplying the coding rate, bits per symbol, and the number of symbols per second.

Energy consumption can also be scaled in relation to throughput requirements and available bandwidth by modifying the coding rate and modulation scheme [24].

This model is investigated in [16], in which by using superposition coding, rate splitting, and Gelfand-Pinsker binning scheme, inner bounds are established.

After determining QP e, we must optimize the number of MGS fragments n by first calculating the coding rate when coding with different number of MGS fragments.

To make effective use of the video coding bit steam, we build a mapping relationship between QP e and the coding rate by selecting a suitable QP e such that the coding rate is close to the upper end of the users' bandwidth R up R Q P e, MGS → R up (5).