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This aggregation is accompanied by a cell surface conformational change in the Als proteins to mediate stronger adhesive interactions [13], [21].
Thus, the chemotactic activity of the OCC conditioned medium was inhibited by several different approaches, suggesting that P is the sperm chemoattractant secreted by the CU cells, and that sperm chemotaxis requires a prompt cell response mediated by a cell surface P receptor.
Our data showed the recruited macrophage population is characterized by a cell surface marker signature of F4/80+CSF-1R+CD11b+Gr1-CX3CR1highCCR2high and VEGFR1high and their recruitment to pulmonary metastases is independent of the metastatic cell type or the species of origin (mouse and human).
The presence of membrane-anchored tM2e on cell surfaces was determined by a cell surface immune-assay.
We previously found that Dictyostelium cells are able to bind AprA, suggesting that AprA is sensed by a cell surface receptor [ 8].
The presence of an abundant surface exposed pool of Syb2 selectively in TKO MEFs was confirmed by the surface immunofluorescence for the HA epitope and by a cell surface biotinylation assay.
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Both extreme heat and capsaicin, the chemical that gives certain peppers and foods their fire, are thought to elicit pain by activating a cell surface protein, or receptor, called TRPV1 or VR1.
Furthermore, by performing a cell surface biotinylation assay we ensured that at least a detectable fraction of all the TRKB mutants properly localized to the cell membrane [36] (Figure 1D).
Furthermore, membrane-bound CtsB was detected on PyMT tumor cells by using a cell surface labeling approach[ 6d] with biotinylated inhibitor NS-196.
Target cells can evolve resistance or tolerance to the effects of bacteriocins, generally by altering a cell surface receptor or translocation system.
In the present study, we showed that kallistatin, through its active site, stimulated SOCS3 expression by activating a cell surface tyrosine kinase, and thus PKC-ERK signaling.
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