These factors work comprehensively and finally improve the polymer photovoltaic properties when modified with single carbazole units, but deteriorate when modified with dendritic carbazole units.
When modified with PDOPA, all membranes exhibited a systematic reduction in protein adhesion.
Recent reports show that their activity can be drastically enhanced when modified with gold.
When modified with scientific tools, the same traditional units offer homeowners and builders schematic prototypes that not only conserve and produce energy but are also comfortable, attractive, and economical to operate in warmer tropical conditions.
When modified with different nanomaterials, they can offer a variety of biomolecules to be identified with great specificity and sensitivity.
When modified with organic molecules, such as octadecylsilane or octadecylphosphonic acid layers, the surfaces showed a superhydrophobic behavior.
When modified with a sensitizer such as Ru II)(bpy)2 dcbpy), the SWCNT/TiO2 film provided an unnoticeable influence on the charge injection from dye molecules into TiO2 nanoparticles, but improved charge separation according to transient absorption and emission measurements.
These results show that the antimicrobial activity of TiO2 was significantly enhanced when modified with G. zeylanica both in the presence and absence of sunlight as shown in Fig. 7.
In summary, the results manifested that when modified with different chemical groups, GQDs still possessed excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity to cells, which may make them more promising in bioimaging and other biomedical applications.
This material showed, when modified with necessary signals, that it can interact with cells in a manner similar to that of natural ECM, especially in transmitting bioactive signals that control tissue formation and cell phenotype.
