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Metal catalysts coated with self-assembled monolayers have been found to exhibit improved performance in a number of reactions, but previous work has focused on deposition of uniform layers from a single precursor.
What significance, if any, visitors might attribute to these particular examples is unknown, but previous work has demonstrated the potential for interpreting the layout of exhibits that include humans, their most recent extinct relatives, and/or other primates as directional and progressive (Scott and Giusti 2006).
Most IRES elements that have been characterized function only in mammalian cells but previous work has shown that the IRES element present in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the RhPV genome functions efficiently in mammalian, insect, and plant systems.
We do not know the precise role of phosphorylation in the VirR-dependent expression of the pfoA gene, but previous work has shown that phosphorylation is not essential for DNA binding [22], [33].
Currently it is unclear exactly which species will generate a COI amplicon with the primers of Bogdanowicz et al. [24], [27], but previous work has successfully assayed L. albescens (L. dispar albescens in [26]), L. umbrosa (L.
Strain 60190 also possesses a vacuolating form of VacA whereas strain Tx30a possesses a non-vacuolating form, but previous work has shown that MMP-7 upregulation by strain 60190 is not VacA-dependent.
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Prior to this study, we knew little about the distribution of helix/strand density across different proteins, but previous work had already established that contact density is a determinant of protein family size (Shakhnovich et al. 2005), sequence diversity (Hartling and Kim 2008), functional diversity (Ferrada and Wagner 2008), and overall evolutionary rate (dN) in yeast (Bloom et al. 2006).
Two other studies have explored perceptions of decision aids for trial participation and highlighted their potential benefit, but this previous work has focused only on patients.
Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters.
Education must play a role in addressing this, but our previous work has shown that knowledge gaps are still evident even when AKI teaching is established [ 8].
"Regardless of cause," the researchers conclude, "we have found that police officers' interactions with blacks tend to be more fraught, not only in terms of disproportionate outcomes (as previous work has shown) but also interpersonally, even when no arrest is made and no use of force occurs".
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