Nevertheless, there are also phenotypic differences between Arabidopsis mutants lacking multiple type-A RRs in different combinations.
Thus, differences in the phenotype can be explained by variations in environmental conditions, but also such phenotypic differences may reflect accumulated genetic variation due to disruption of gene flow between populations, and their subsequent speciation into biological species.
In addition to similarities between loss and gain of function phenotypes, we also observed phenotypic differences, including electrophysiology at the larval NMJ but also at the level of synaptic integrity and neurodegeneration in adult brain, where GOF typically caused more severe phenotypes than LOF.
The twins shared many clinical similarities but also exhibited major phenotypic differences, despite having the same genetic background and living in the same environment until their teenage years.
We explored associations between Biolog phenotypes and genotypes, and we also investigated phenotypic differences between clones that have one of two adaptive genetic trajectories: one that is typified by mutations in the RNA polymerase β-subunit (rpoB) and another that is defined by mutations in the rho termination factor.
More interestingly, chemotherapeutic drug susceptibility-associated SNPs are more likely to be eQTLs than a random set of SNPs in the genome, suggesting that eQTLs could also explain phenotypic differences between japonica and indica.
Our study has also revealed phenotypic differences between FHH1 and FHH3.
Previous studies have also shown phenotypic differences in the pathogenicity of strains of P. gingivalis in animal models [ 3] and in humans [ 4].
In addition, the transgenic plants also exhibited phenotypic differences when compared to their WT counterparts, which included precocious flowering, a higher number of lateral branches, and increased numbers of seed pods [ 8].
There are also strong phenotypic differences between lineages [ 11], such as acute virulence in mice, with type I strains being uniformly lethal (LD100 = 1), while types II and III are less virulent, with LD50 ≥ 10 and LD50 ≥ 10, respectively [ 11].
