"The Burden of Tolerance in a World of Division" (Week in Review, Dec. 29) says that at a recent conference on multiculturalism, tolerance was considered "by unspoken assent, an absolute virtue" when thinking about human differences.
The question revealed the enormous burden that tolerance has been made to bear in our society, and not simply since Sept. 11, 2001.
Resistance is the ability of the host to limit a pathogen burden, whereas tolerance is the ability to limit the deleterious effects of a given pathogen burden.
The ability to fight infection may be characterized by two mechanisms: resistance, i.e., the ability to limit the parasite burden, and tolerance, i.e., the ability to limit the damage caused by a given parasite burden [ 2].
Hosts evolve to reduce the costs of infection in three ways: changing behaviours (e.g. avoidance), resistance (i.e. limiting the pathogen burden) or tolerance (i.e. limiting the damage performed by the pathogen burden, Medzhitov et al. 2012).
Such information would be invaluable for therapeutic intervention; body burden and tolerance; identification of genetic, age, race, and sex susceptibility; exposure prevention; and the overall assessment of OP safety.
Studies of plant-pathogen and animal-pathogen interactions show that resistance (ability to limit pathogen burden) and tolerance (ability to limit fitness loss at a given pathogen load) can have distinct genetic bases, and that genetic variation exists for both [ 77, 78].
Related to the reported fatigue are effects on the patient's subjective sense of well-being in that the chores of everyday life become a burden, exercise tolerance is decreased and social activity is curtailed due to lack of energy (Leitgeb et al, 1994).
Too often, people forget that the burden of racial tolerance is borne unequally by those who are its targets.
Too often, people can forget that the burden of racial tolerance isn't something that weighs upon everyone evenly".
