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In general, the metabolic burden of protein over-expression typically results in a significantly decreased replication rate.
As a consequence, a systems biology approach was used to comprehensively identify cellular adaptations to low oxygen availability and the additional burden of protein production.
When the ER has an unusually high burden of protein products due to viral infection, mutation, or other assaults, mechanisms are activated to reduce the ER protein load.
Hepatocytes with a high burden of protein synthesis depend on efficient protein folding mechanisms to cope with the protein load within the ER.
Employment of a same-cell consortium (a single bacterial species; in this work, L. plantarum) for production of different cellulosome elements reduces the burden of protein production, secretion and anchoring for the bacterium.
It is possible that ER-stress and autophagy death are instigated by the sheer burden of protein synthesis and trafficking, regardless of any specific signals that may originate from the tetraspanin fusion protein.
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Both, the enormous environmental burden of animal protein and the health implications of intensive farming are alerting.
UPR is a highly conserved cellular response aimed at reducing the burden of unfolded protein and restoring ER homeostasis.
The introduction of attenuated IRES and improved form of GFP can be a solution to reduce the metabolic burden of fluorescent protein.
This result shows that in the two stably selected cells, the c-myc gene bestows greater proliferation even with the extra metabolic burden of recombinant protein production.
As a consequence and considering also the additional burden of heterologous protein production, the cellular stress responses were highly activated under hypoxic growth conditions.
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