Therefore, during surgical reconstruction of the ACL, addition of the PL bundle may correct the rotational laxity [ 10- 13], but measurement of the rotation still remains an issue.
A study using robotic rotation analysis has demonstrated improved dynamic rotational stability with a double bundle reconstruction [81].
Though reduced after single-bundle ACL reconstruction [ 5], rotational laxity may still exist, even though the anterior translation has been adequately restored [ 6, 7].
Since that time, several studies have reported that the anatomical double-bundle technique provides more stable anterior posterior translation and restores more rotational stability as compared with conventional single-bundle ACL reconstruction (Aglietti et al. 2010; Colombet et al. 2007; Yagi et al. 2007).
In this paper we apply photometric field theory and elliptic ray bundles method to study 3D asymmetric – without rotational or translational symmetry – concentrators, which can be useful components for nontracking solar applications.
Double bundle ACL reconstruction has been demonstrated to decrease rotational knee laxity.
To determine whether double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction leads to better restoration of anterior and rotational laxity and range of motion than single-bundle reconstruction.
At short-term follow-up, there is a better recovery of the rotational stability when performing a double-bundle reconstruction (Kondo et al. 2008, Meredick et al. 2008, Seon et al. 2008, Siebold and Zantop 2008, Streich et al. 2008, Tsuda et al. 2009, Wang et al. 2009).
It is well documented that the ACL is made of two different bundles, the anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL), with different specific functions, as the AM bundle controls anteroposterior laxity whereas the PL bundle ensures rotational stability, but working synergically so that they cannot be considered as separate structures [15, 16].
An anatomical ACL reconstruction using the double bundle reconstruction technique has recently been advocated to improve rotational stability.
