Sentence examples for bundle movement from inspiring English sources
The gating spring hypothesis suggests that the mechanical stiffness of stereocilia bundle is softened by tip-link gating in combination with active bundle movement, contributing to the nonlinear amplification of miniscule stimuli.
One is the prestin-based OHC soma electromotility [21] and another is the stereocilium-based hair bundle movement.
As the bundle is pushed in the excitatory direction and the stereocilia are depolarized, flexoelectricity compels the radius to decrease (2b), length to increase, tip-link tension to increase, and finally a rapid bundle movement opposite in direction to that of the stimulation force.
Extracellular solutions containing different ion concentrations or channel blockers were topically perfused onto IHCs using a multi-barreled pipette positioned close to the cells, but far enough away as to not cause any hair bundle movement.
This sound reception process in the cochlea requires energy-intense processes to adequately prime the hair bundle movement, for homeostatic calcium regulation, and for potassium recycling to repeat the cycle [ 42, 43].
These voltage-dependent bundle movements augment motor actions associated with the MET apparatus and are consistent with the flexoelectric based bundle movements described here.
Furthermore, transducer currents can be recorded in response to hair bundle movements.
This electrical adaptation has a concomitant mechanical component that clearly contributes to active bundle movements [9].
Indeed, a negative bundle "twitch"[24] has been measured in hair bundles consistent with flexoelectric powered bundle movements (Fig. 2).
Although our flexoelectric efficiency analysis is linear, interplay between MET current kinetics, bundle movements and flexoelectricity would be expected to introduce a nonlinearity consistent with spontaneous bundle oscillations.
It has been argued previously that active hair bundle movements may underlie the exquisite sensitivity and frequency selectivity of hearing, particularly in non-mammalian species that do not express prestin-mediated somatic motility [9].
