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In (2), the breeding values of bull i have to be back-transformed to get u i = V ν i.
The GEBV of bull i, either in training or validation, was estimated as (1) where is the estimated SNP effect of locus k.
Classical MACE [ 10] including t countries is applied using the model (1) where y i is a n i vector of national de-regressed breeding values for bull i, b is a vector of t country effects, u i is a vector of t different international breeding values for bull i and ε i is a n i vector of residuals.
In (1), u i is a vector of t different international breeding values for bull i and in (2), ν i is a vector of t regression coefficients for bull i. X i and Z i denote incidence matrices assigning observations to respective effects.
Residual variance associated with the deregressed EBV q i was, where is the error variance obtained from the pedigree-based evaluation and φ i is the EDC for bull i.
In both (1) and (2), y i is a n i vector of national de-regressed breeding values for bull i and b is a vector of t country/trait effects.
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Red Bull Isn't Red-Faced About Cocaine Chatter.
Altogether 228 bulls were analysed of which 53 bulls, i.e. 23%, were confirmed CVM-carrriers.
Altogether 228 bulls were analysed, of which 53 bulls, i.e. 23%, were confirmed CVM carriers.
Further, only 286 bulls (i.e. 0.3%) with records for protein yield and 321 bulls (i.e. 0.3%) with records for SCC were used in more than 10 countries.
Miller on the Bulls: "I like Chicago because of their bigs.
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