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Critics of the draft bill have previously slammed the overly broad capabilities offered by bulk warrants, noting for example that it is pretty hard to judge proportionality if you don't know who exactly you're targeting.
Illustrating the potential risks, it notes that bulk warrants coupled with hacking powers enable the government to "log keystrokes, track locations, take covert photographs and videos, and access stored information", as well as opening up the risk of security holes being created by state agencies that can then be exploited by criminals or other actors in future.
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"For the consumer in, say, Germany, this might represent hacking of their data by an Irish business on behalf of the UK state under a bulk warrant – activity which the provider is not even allowed to confirm or deny.
But the most surprising revelation made by Facebook in its announcement today is that the bulk warrant request is one of the largest it has ever received.
It is also recommending the provision allowing bulk equipment interference (aka mass hacking) be removed entirely, noting "we have not been provided with sufficiently compelling evidence as to why 'Bulk' Equipment Interference warrants are required", and suggesting that 'Targeted Equipment Interferencee warrants "can be drawn sufficiently broadly that a separate 'Bulk' warrant is unnecessary".
Other safeguards recommended in the report are tighter definitions of the purposes for which data is sought — with Anderson specifying it should be "defined by operations or mission purposes" (as opposed to fishing expeditions); and the introduction of a new form of "bulk warrant" to limit the acquisition of data captured via mass surveillance to comms metadata.
Facebook fought New York prosecutors, losing the battle to block bulk search warrants in 2017.
She did, however, attempt to reassure the scrutiny committee that judicial commissioners, to be appointed to operate a "double-lock" authorisation process on intercept and bulk interception warrants, would have sufficient flexibility to examine decisions taken by cabinet ministers to order intrusive snooping operations.
The program, created under the PATRIOT Act after 9/11, allowed the government to collect Americans' phone records in bulk without warrants.
A group of tech giants and civil liberties groups voiced their support on Friday for Facebook as it continues its legal battle to return private data collected in a set of bulk search warrants to its users and prevent future searches.
That means the bulk search warrant requests Facebook has responded to in the past have never affected more than 38 people.
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