Sentence examples for bulk turnover from inspiring English sources

The bulk turnover rates for compact bone are about 2% per year and 8% for spine.

Diffusion limited rate constants may be found with enzymes that have achieved catalytic perfection, reflecting a physiological role that requires bulk turnover of a large quantity of substrate.

Similar to the aforementioned unmodified peptides for H1.4, H3 and H4, we never observed forms of the H2A or H2B peptides to be modified and thus reasoned that they also represented bulk turnover of their respective protein.

Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is a fundamental mechanism for bulk turnover of intracellular components in response to stresses such as starvation, oxidative stress and pathogen invasion (Mizushima and Levine, 2010; Yang and Klionsky, 2010).

FIH hydroxylates the HIF transcription factor for hypoxia sensing, and other members are involved in processes such as DNA and RNA repair and histone demethylation, placing some of these enzymes into biological roles that are more concerned with regulation than with bulk turnover of metabolites.

Consistent with these reports, our findings present a global picture of APP metabolism in the brain showing a rapid bulk-turnover of the holoprotein, both under normal expression levels in wild-type mice and with APP overexpression and plaque pathology in aged Tg2576 mice.

Xrn1 and the cytoplasmic exosome do not appear to function widely in bulk lncRNA turnover, but we suggest they degrade mRNA-like SUTs and provide a fail-safe for leaky nuclear surveillance.

We reasoned that mFP would be released from any of the cytoplasmic dFP taken into autophagosomes during bulk autophagic turnover, but that expressing mFP alone should not affect the formation of auto-phagosomes.

Moreover, since GS is heterogeneously expressed in many tissues (prominent examples are kidney [ 8], skin [ 9], and small intestine [ 36]) matching inverse gradients of Wnt and hedgehog signalling (for small intestine see [ 37]), the dual glutamine-dependent opposing mechanisms described herein, may represent a more general principle for balancing bulk protein turnover by autophagy.

As shown previously [ 41], bortezomib inhibits approx. 50% of bulk protein turnover in HCT116 cells (see Supplementary Figure S5 at http://www.BiochemJ.org/bj/430/bj4300461add.htm), an effect that is comparable with that observed with ML858, a synthetic version of salinosporamide A that irreversibly inhibits each of the 20S active sites [ 15] (T.A. Soucy, unpublished work).

A block of 200,000 shares, crossing the tape at 89, accounted for the bulk of its turnover.