Sentence examples for bulk to the surface from inspiring English sources

It is not evident that the flow can direct particles from the bulk to the surface, as the flow component normal to the surface vanishes.

At long times, the rate at which C diffuses from the bulk to the surface controls the graphene growth rate.

These two factors lead to a decrease in the energy barrier for hole transfer from the bulk to the surface of BiVO4, which promotes the water oxidation kinetics.

We confirm that Co atoms are continuously depleted from the mother Pt3Co/C electrocatalyst because they can diffuse from the bulk to the surface of the material.

The diffusion of these lattice oxygen vacancies from the bulk to the surface of the material forms charge carrier trapping sites.

Aging tests have been carried out on ternary catalysts, showing that a part of activity loss was due to gold segregation from the bulk to the surface of nanoparticles.

3D-channels are linked to each other from the surface to the bulk and from the bulk to the back surface.

Mo species migrate from the bulk to the catalyst surface to compensate the Mo loss favoured by water.

The equation for time-average sheath potential difference from the plasma bulk to the material surface in the low-pressure high-frequency capacitive RF plasma is derived.

This behavior could be attributed to the enhanced mass transport of inhibitor molecules from bulk to the metal surface in high rotation rates.

In the stone at work, the porosity shows a gradient from the bulk to the very surface of the material.