Sentence examples for bulk shift from inspiring English sources
Velocity only induces an additional Doppler, causing a bulk shift of the image in the Doppler domain.
Bulk shift simply represents the change in refractive index over the sensor that is caused by changes in buffer composition.
In addition, signal over bulk shift was not observed for MV N and p53 peptides passed over flow channels to which irrelevant ligand (IgG) was immobilized.
Both peptides caused a change in RU on the unmodified sensor surfaces that did not change with time, a phenomenon known as bulk shift.
To accommodate for the solvent bulk shift associated with IL4 dilution (coming from PBS) into HBS-EP, PBS and HBS-EP were mixed in the same dilutions and run on the machine.
Bulk shift was contrasted to the progressive rise in signal observed over time as MV N and p53 peptides passed over the flow channel to which HSP72 was immobilized, indicating binding.
Calibrated based on the energy levels and their bulk shifts derived from elemental surfaces, we can derive the bond energy, energy density, atomic cohesive energy, and free energy at the interface region.
Firstly, from analyzing the XPS core-level shift of the elemental surfaces we obtained the energy levels of an isolated atom and their bulk shifts of the constituent elements for reference; then we measured the energy shifts of the specific energy levels upon interface alloy formation.
Injection of peptides contained in running buffer minimized sensorgram bulk shifts caused by changes in buffer conditions on the sensor surface.
Under these conditions, the surface concentration of cations would approach that in the bulk, shifting the observed p Ka toward its actual value, as in BR.An alternative model would contain a nonspecific low-affinity cation binding site, probably near the protein surface, which would affect the p Ka of the counterion.
In our study, the Raman spectra of the TiO2 film supported on SiO2 opals are slightly shifted with respect to the TiO2 anatase phase obtained from TiO2 bulk; this shift could be due to the presence of Fe ions in the composite.
