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As for local manufacturers, because call-off orders are of smaller volumes than bulk procurements and are spread over a longer period, multi-supplier framework agreements may promote participation of local manufacturers or of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by rotating call-off orders among the suppliers.
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Does bulk procurement result in lower prices?
One procurement method to influence prices is bulk procurement.
It has been shown that bulk procurement alone is insufficient to lower prices.
Both rapid tests are in the WHO bulk procurement 2010 list for HIV test kits.
The prices for these tests were obtained from the WHO bulk procurement scheme [ 15].
These include generic competition, negotiation with patent holders and bulk procurement.
Additionally, the vehicle fleet consists of similar vehicle models, reducing time and expense by facilitating easy bulk procurement of spare parts and easing the burden on program mechanics.
In Nepal, the bulk procurement cost of single-use chlorhexidine tubes is about US$0.23/newborn (personal communication with Prajwal Jung Pandey, Marketing Director of Lomus Pharm).
On the basis of these results, ELISAs from Focus, Panbio, and Standard Diagnostics will be included in the WHO Bulk Procurement Scheme.
The transaction price can be reduced through bulk procurement and tender bidding systems, and each province establishes a drug tender bidding center [ 3].
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