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Cohesive failure is usually recognized to increase the bond strength values because of the fracture propagation through the bulk material of a bonded material.
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The obtained multimodal coating exhibited both a high hardness and high fracture toughness, e.g. the microhardness is similar to that of a cold sprayed nano WC-12Co coating and the fracture toughness is comparable to that of a bulk material of micro WC-12Co.
Hence, it is internationally accepted that a reference for a bulk biomaterial should be a bulk material of totally different nature.
A Gifford-McMahon cycle helium refrigerator with the ultimate temperature of 13 K at the 2nd stage was adopted, and a GdBa2Cu3O7−x bulk material of 60 mm diameter and 20 mm thickness reinforced by a stainless steel ring was located on a cold stage.
Much of the incident optical radiation is absorbed in the bulk material of the emitter with only a small proportion of the photon population contributing to direct emission.
The simulation starts with a virgin bulk material of randomly oriented grains.
For low volume ENMs with bulk material of known ecotoxicity, comprehensive investigation has to be performed.
The bulk material of the lattice is Ti6AL4V and its microstructure is assumed free of defects.
Note that these ω р values are less than the corresponding bulk material of gold of 1.37 ⋅ 1016 Hz.
The bulk material of the CNTs is extremely porous and allows for good adsorption of CO2 (Boot-Handford et al. 2014).
Sample Preparation: NiTi bulk material of 2 mm thickness was cut into pieces of 10 × 10 mm.
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