Gschwend, O. et al. Neuronal pattern separation in the olfactory bulb improves odor discrimination learning.
The first olfactory processing center in vertebrates, the olfactory bulb, transforms odor-specific patterns of sensory inputs across the array of glomeruli into spatio-temporal patterns of activity across the output neurons, the mitral cells.
These results show that glutamatergic synaptic transmission is essential for responses of olfactory bulb neurons to odors, most likely because glutamate is the neurotransmitter of olfactory sensory neurons [30], [31].
In transgenic mice expressing CerTN-L15, we investigated the performance of SU on FRET signals evoked in mitral cells of the olfactory bulb in response to odor stimulation.
Tyrosine hydroxylase is reduced in postsynaptic periglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb in absence of odor stimulation by naris closure as well as in CNGA2 deficient mice (21).
Our previous study showed that soft-diet feeding impairs neurogenesis in the subventricular zone, in turn leading to the reduction of odor-induced behaviors and Fos-immunoreactivities, the latter of which are markers of neural activity, at the olfactory bulb after exposure to odors.
Jin BK, Franzen L, Baker H. Regulation of c-Fos mRNA and fos protein expression in olfactory bulbs from unilaterally odor-deprived adult mice.
These results provide a generic, network-based explanation for the link between pathological ripples and fast ripples, and a unifying description for the entire spectrum from normal ripples to pathological fast ripples". In the olfactory bulb, the processing units for odor discrimination are believed to involve dendrodendritic synaptic interactions between mitral and granule cells.
Interestingly, neurons in the olfactory bulb are activated with an odor-specific sequence, with some neurons activated early during a sniff and some later.
Some compact fluorescent bulbs have a titanium dioxide coating that works to absorb odors when the bulb is turned on.
