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He said this lack of information and accountability showed "the supervisory arrangements for our intelligence services need as much updating as their bugging techniques".
This lack of information, and therefore accountability, is a warning that the supervision of our intelligence services needs as much updating as their bugging techniques".
According to the book, the male MI5 officers that she had to work with were blimpish, monocled fools from central casting, snoozing through the afternoon after a heavy lunch at the club.The books of other renegade spies like Peter Wright and Kim Philby titillate with juicy anecdotes about fieldcraft, the latest in bugging techniques and political plots.
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First, duplicated bug techniques exclude bugs before they become available for developers to work on, i.e., duplicated techniques are applied in earlier stages of the maintenance process.
The duplicate bug techniques do not specify whether their approach will be always executed and the overhead costs for such techniques.
Instead of stepping forward with the back foot, use the "squish the bug" technique.
The lower average effectiveness compared to previous studies can be attributed to (i) the 5x higher number of projects evaluated, and (ii) the discard of localized bug reports, which artificially increased the effectiveness of bug localization techniques in previous studies.
The prohibition is all the more bizarre because evidence gathered by other much more intrusive covert interception techniques, such as bugging a bedroom with a tiny transmitter or using parabolic microphones to eavesdrop on conversations is admissible in court.
Different policies on bug reporting, for example, may significantly influence the results of bug localization techniques.
These bug reports should not be considered in the evaluation of bug localization techniques because (i) they artificially increase the effectiveness of the techniques (Kochhar et al. 2014), and (ii) it is unlikely that developers would even need assistance from an automated technique to localize these bugs.
Given the ever-increasing size and complexity of software projects, manual bug localization is a lengthy and challenging task, which motivates research for automated bug localization techniques (Rahman et al. 2011; Saha et al. 2013; Sisman and Kak 2012; Wang and Lo 2014; Zhou et al. 2012).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com