For the mathematical modeling, spectrum handoff, channel reservation, elastic-traffic buffering, spectrum adaptation, and non-homogenous channels were considered.
Strategies E1 to E7 are differentiated according to the different mechanisms used to mitigate the adverse effects of secondary call interruptions as well as to provide QoS in CRNs (i.e., spectrum handoff, data call buffering, spectrum adaptation, double preemptive priority, channel reservation, and selective interruption mechanisms).
A blank buffer spectrum was collected for each buffering system and subtracted from the results prior to analysis.
Numerical results show that call buffering and spectrum adaptation are the mechanisms that best exploit the elasticity of delay-tolerant traffic in heterogeneous traffic CRNs and, therefore, most significantly improve their performance.
From Table 4, and the previous discussion of this section, it is concluded that the most relevant mechanisms that improve system performance in CRNs with heterogeneous traffic are spectrum adaptation and buffering new data calls.
In order to protect ongoing SU (both voice and data) calls, the reference E3 strategy jointly employs spectrum handoff, call buffering, double preemptive priority for PUs and voice calls, and degradation/compensation mechanisms.
Numerical results show that spectrum adaptation and call buffering are the mechanisms that best exploit the elasticity of delay-tolerant traffic in heterogeneous traffic CRNs and, therefore, most significantly improve system performance.
If the effect of chaperonin-mediated buffering is simply to broaden the spectrum of neutral mutations in clients, then the ability of positive selection to promote the fixation of adaptive mutations will be weakened that is, buffering will mainly act to increase the strength of genetic drift operating on clients.
Contrary to [36], the aim of our investigation in this paper is to identify the most relevant resource management mechanisms (among those commonly considered in the literature: spectrum aggregation, spectrum adaptation, call buffering, channel reservation, selective interruption, and preemptive prioritization) to improve the performance of CRNs.
Unfortunately, byproducts of some of these redox buffering approaches can appear in the mass spectra and/or they can chemically alter the analyte of interest [ 26, 27].
Strategy E5 employs spectrum adaptation, selective interruption, and data call buffering.
