Briefly, cells suspended in extraction buffer were homogenized in a Dounce homogenizer using 15 strokes.
The tissue and 10 vol. of RIPA buffer were homogenized in a 2 ml glass homogenization tube with Teflon-coated homogenizer (20 up-and-down motions).
For ATP analysis, pooled larvae (10 larvae/200 μl buffer) were homogenized in 1 × Reporter lysis buffer (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), and immediately flash frozen.
Samples of liver and kidneys (100 mg mL-1 buffer) were homogenized in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 15 min; the supernatant thus obtained was used for biochemical analysis.
To measure glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and DNA content in the NP and AF, samples in Ambion® KDalert™ lysis buffer solution were homogenized in a tube rotator O/N at 4 °C, whereas samples in Complete Lysis-M EDTA-free buffer were homogenized in a TissueLyser II (Qiagen) for 2 × 30 s at 20 Hz.
Frozen muscle was homogenized in buffer containing 50 mM Tris‐HCl buffer with 150 mM NaCl, 1% Nonidet P‐40, 0.25% sodium deoxycholate and protease inhibitor cocktail.
The cell pellet was homogenized in buffer containing 20 mmol/L Tris-HCl pH 7.8 and 300 mmol/L NaCl (buffer A), and sonicated.
The tissue was homogenized in buffer (0.1 M Sodium Acetate and Sodium Fluoride 1%) and stored at −20°C.
Excised rat liver was homogenized in buffer and then centrifuged to obtain liposome.
P1 was homogenized in buffer A and centrifuged at 700 g for 10 min.
