Concentrated phage particles in TM buffer were extracted with chloroform (1 : 1 v/v) and, after gentle mixing, were centrifuged at 3000 ×g, 4°C for 15 min.
Briefly, cell pellets were thawed, re-suspended in lysis buffer, and RNA was extracted with hot acid phenol chloroform (Fisher).
DNA was extracted with extraction buffer (100 mM Tris HCl, pH 8.0, 50 mM EDTA, 500 mM NaCl, 10 mM β-mercaptoethanol, 2% (w/v) SDS).
The herbicides 2,4-D and mecoprop underwent an acid extraction using a 70 30 acetonitrile:phosphate buffer, and piperonyl butoxide was extracted with dichloromethane.
After 16 hrs caudal fins were collected and omogenized in RLT buffer, and total RNA was extracted with RNeasy mini kit (Quiagen).
Cells were lysed using RLT (RNeasy lysis) buffer (Qiagen) and RNA was extracted with the RNeasy 96 kit (Qiagen).
After, the reaction beads were washed with 1 ml of NET-2 buffer once and RNA was extracted with Trizol reagent.
Briefly, a leaf was extracted with buffer (0.2 M Tris HCl pH 9.0, 0.4 M LiCl, 25 mM EDTA, 1 % SDS).
Total protein was extracted with buffer E containing 100 mM HEPES/NaOH (pH 7.4), 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM EDTA (pH 8.0), 2 mM EGTA (pH 8.0), 1 mM PMSF, 0.2% Triton X-100, glycerol and 14 mM beta-mercaptoethanol.
Total protein was extracted with buffer E (100 mM HEPES/NaOH (pH 7.4), 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM EDTA (pH 8.0), 2 mM EGTA (pH 8.0), 1 mM PMSF, 0,2% Triton X-100, glycerol, 14 mM beta-mercaptoethanol).
