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The required substrate concentration in the working buffer was achieved by adding an aliquot of the stock substrate solution.
The ratio of sodium to potassium ions in this buffer was achieved by mixing dibasic sodium phosphate and monobasic potassium phosphate until the desired pH of 7.4 was reached.
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Higher potassium concentrations for both buffers were achieved by addition of either KCl, KGlu, or KF.
GaN buffer layer was achieved by a two-step method.
The stringency in the hybridization buffer used was achieved by adding formamide to a final concentration (v/v) of 20%.
Briefly, protein was bound to 2 3 ml of glutathione Sepharose 4B beads (GE Healthcare) overnight with gentle rotation at 4°C in buffer A. Unbound materials were removed by washing the beads with 20 30 ml of ice-cold buffer A. Protein elution was achieved by overnight incubation at 4°C in 4 6 ml of cleavage buffer (20 25 units/ml thrombin in buffer A) to remove the GST tag.
Washing step was achieved by using wash buffer (50 mM NaH2PO4, 300 mM NaCl, 20 mM imidazole, pH 8) while purified recombinant bromelain was eluted using elution buffer (50 mM NaH2PO4, 300 mM NaCl, 500 mM imidazole, pH 8).
Antigen retrieval was achieved by heat mediated buffer (pH 9.0) treatment.
Regeneration was achieved by injecting a buffer containing 2 M NaCl.
Elution of the bound fusion proteins was achieved by increasing the buffer A imidazole concentration to 230 mM.
Simulated reperfusion was achieved by replacing the buffer with M199 medium containing 2 g/L BSA, 0.62 g/L taurine, 0.32 g/L carnitine, 10 units/mL penicillin, 10 mg/L streptomycin.
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