Of interest, the protective effects of hypercapnic acidosis were greatly reduced if it was buffered towards a normal pH value.
Studies have suggested that adolescents who are provided with more emotional and practical help would gain buffers towards stress, making it easier for them not to smoke [ 49].
The extended networks of canals and ditches in agricultural landscapes provide high buffer capacity towards nitrogen (N) excess.
The second configuration, termed the 'base process', adds base to the brine to shift the carbonate buffer system towards carbonate ions, which precipitates as CaCO3.
The first configuration, termed the 'acid process', acidifies ocean water or brine to shift the carbonate buffer system towards dissolved CO2 gas, which is vacuum stripped from the acidified brine.
Concomitantly there was found a mutual proportionality of buffer capacities towards pH and pM, mentioned above.
The dependences of the buffer capacities towards proton, carbonate, and calcium on pH, calculated by Eqs.
It has been established that both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems manifest a buffer action towards all their components.
The following remarkable conclusion follows: the buffer capacities towards different components are reciprocally proportional, while the buffer capacities in relation to the ions of the solid phase are interconnected through its stoichiometric coefficients.
Similarly, it has been proven that, for the buffer capacity towards proton, the following expression is valid: {left(frac{partial {mathrm{C}}_{mathrm{H}}^0}{partial ln left[mathrm{H}right]}right)}_{{mathrm{C}}_M^0,{beta}m{C}}_{mathrm{v {beta}_{matH}m{H}^S={varphi}_2-frac{varphi_1^22}{varphi_3}.
On the basis of the method of residual concentrations, the original mathematical expressions for the quantitative estimation of buffer capacities towards both components of the mineral phase have been deduced.
