With the Buffer tool, a buffer of 5 m was set around the manually plotted valley path (Fig. 3c).
With the application of GIS software (e.g., Esri ArcGIS® buffer tool), many assessments use a circular based configuration for the catchment area of a bioenergy plant, with the radius of the circle used to estimate the transport distance to the plant [70 72].
Finally, the use of GIS buffer tool to estimate the distance women had to travel to reach the comprehensive care facility was a major limitation.
The technique can be extremely misleading since the buffer tool assumes straight line distance, not taking into account road conditions and various terrain barriers.
A grid made up of points spaced 200 meters apart was created over the study area of Eastern Massachusetts, using ArcGIS 9.1 (ESRI, Redlands, CA) buffer tool.
The conditions of roads and various terrain barriers were not considered since the buffer tool assumes a straight line distance function that would mean in real-time land travel.
They were buffered using tools in ArcGIS 10.2, to represent the dryer zones identified by Wilson et al. [11].
Apart from that, the WebGIS GMO monitoring was optimised and improved by the implementation of additional sophisticated GIS techniques including buffer and intersect tools.
The buffer and working tools were DNase free.
