The UEI (user equipment's useful information), such as software version, maximum data rate, buffer queue size, are harvested from individual members of each multicast group.
Congestion degree indicates the changing tendency of buffer queue in a period of time.
Remark 4: The leaky bucket regulators and aggregators do not increase the upper bounds on buffer queue length/delay/effective bandwidth of a sensor node, and also do not increase the buffer requirements of the sensor node.
Besides, calculation and analysis of the node QoS and the single-hop QoS, such as the upper bounds on buffer queue length/delay/effective bandwidth of a sensor node, and the single-hop de-lay/jitter/effective bandwidth, and the multi-hops delay jitter in the WSNs with self-similar traffic flows are done, and the results are similar.
It is important to limit the values of buffer queue length/delay/jitter to a sustainable level below the upper bounds.
Now, we calculate the mean buffer queue size of each member of the multicast group.
Common priority FIFO buffer, high-priority FIFO buffer queue, and semi-global FIFO buffer queue are a reasonable distribution.
In this paper, average load is used in the place of instantaneous load, here load means buffer queue length of the link's end node; the node will sample its own load periodically and calculate average load from the current sample value and previous value.
In queue-based protocols, the controller objective is to drive the buffer queue length to a certain target queue length; in the proposed scheme, model references (MRs) are used to address the problem of adapting the target queue length to the statistical characteristics of the traffic.
We see a straightforward dependency: the upper bound on D is smaller for larger service rate R; it is smaller for smaller latency T. Figure 6 The upper bounds on buffer queue delay (UBBQD) D (in s) of a sensor node: (a) D as a function of the service rate R (in Kbps) for T = 1; (b) D as a function of the latency T (in s) for R = 100.
