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In addition, it is considered to be the major thiol-disulphide redox buffer of the cell, highly abundant in the cytosol, nuclei and mitochondria [9].
Glutathione (GSH) is considered to be the major thiol-disulfide redox buffer of the cell.
The major thiol antioxidant is the tripeptide glutathione (GSH), which is a multifunctional intracellular antioxidant and is considered to be the major thiol-disulphide redox buffer of the cell (Masella et al 2005).
Glutathione is comprised of glycine, cysteine and glutamate and is a major redox buffer of the cell, cycling between its reduced and oxidized form, relying on NADP(H) for recycling.
Glutathione is important for metal tolerance since it may protect cells by: 1) metal chelation and sequestration; 2) protection against metal-induced oxidation since glutathione is considered the main redox buffer of the cell; and 3) binding to reactive sulphhydryl groups on proteins (glutathionylation) to shield them from irreversible metal binding and/or oxidative damage [ 25, 26].
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This makes no allowance for a possible contribution of fixed buffers on the cell surface, about which little is known.
Apparently, GSH was used during chemical exposure for the purpose of detoxification, which reflects a vital role of GSH as an antioxidant and as the major thiol-disulfide redox buffer of the cells by producing disulfide bonds from cysteine thiols of GSH and forms oxidized GSH (glutathione disulfide abbreviated as GSSG) [19].
We can see from formula (1) that the number of downlink sub-frame is proportional to the downlink data buffer size of the cell and inversely proportional to the average throughput of last TDD reconfiguration cycle.
Add 200 μl of lysis buffer to the cells.
The decreased reprogramming efficiency of mutators was significantly improved by the two antioxidants with different mechanisms of action: NAC increases cellular glutathione and consequently redox-buffer capacity of the cell, whereas MitoQ, a modified ubiquinone, is targeted to accumulate within mitochondria (Kelso et al., 2001).
Baseline staining was obtained by adding the appropriate buffer to the cells instead of primary antibody.
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