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In this architecture, the TS-CuPc is mainly used as a buffer layer instead of PEDOT PSS and can also act as an electron-donor material and a hole-extraction layer.
Andtcdecreased when the thin InGaAs was used as a buffer layer instead of the GaAs layer on (311) B substrates.
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Repeat step 11 for the working layer instead of the bottom layer.
Use concealer when necessary, but apply a thin layer instead of caking it on.
The Cd-free buffer layer of In2S3, instead of the traditional CdS, was deposited on the surface of CIGS absorber layer for non-toxic and environmentally friendly consideration.
Thus, when the InGaAs buffer layer was used instead of the GaAs buffer layer, tc decreased on the GaAs (311) B substrates but remained constant on the GaAs (100) substrates.
The new polarized glasses consist of multiple optical layers instead of one polarized layer.
Furthermore, an AlGaN buffer layer has been used instead of AlN to reduce the polarization effect [10].
CeO2/YSZ/CeO2 buffer layer structure is one of the preferred buffer layers for fabrication of coated conductors.
The lyticase buffer was used instead of buffer P1.
Then come a buffer layer and another electrode, made of other elements.
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