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Therefore, it is considered that if in the DS, sliding along its axial line in the bore hole channel, the internal axial forces F z (s) exceed critical value (F_{z}^{text{cr}}), the influence of induced lateral friction forces (f_{y}^{text{fr}} left( s right)) on the buckling process can be neglected.
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By analogy with the buckling analysis we are only interested in the pre-cracked and post-cracked states while the transition (bond rupture) process can be ignored.
The process can be painful.
The process can be chaotic.
The process can be distressing.
The process can be repeated.
This process can be messy.
For sinusoidal corrugated infill panels, only global buckling and local buckling can be observed in the lowest buckling mode of eigenbuckling analysis, while interaction buckling is not obvious.
Through the observing of failure morphologies and the analysis of buckling, it can be found that the first- and second-order buckling mode would play a dominant role in the crushing failure process.
If needed, the buckling plateau can be smoothened by using tubes of crimped walls.
By applying various imperfections, buckling of single truss members, unstable configurations and global buckling can be taken into account implicitly.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com