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Caroline StrömbergDung beetle brood balls and notoungulate diet.
There are no extant dung beetle species that construct brood balls with a morphology similar to that of C. kitu.
In their contributions, they illustrated and described fossil brood balls characterized by the presence of a medium-sized hole piercing the wall of spherical to sub-spherical chambers.
Tom Stidhamconauthor on Late Cretaceous-Early Tertiary avifaunas in North America; also co-author (with Caroline Strömberg) on Dung beetle brood balls and notoungulate diet.
Newly collected brood balls from palaeosols of the Cangahua Formation (Ecuador), and other previously deposited in ichnological collections from Ecuador, Uruguay, and Argentina, including type material, were revised to update Coprinisphaera ichnotaxonomy.
Independently, Roselli (1939) and Sauer (1955) described and named similar fossil brood balls from the Paleogene of Uruguay (Devincenzia murguiai) and from the Quaternary of Ecuador (Coprinisphaera ecuadoriensis), respectively.
Similar(49)
Given that each individual brood ball contains a single offspring, we were able to measure egg-to-adult viability by monitoring adult emergence from the broods.
Each brood ball consists of a chamber containing a single egg surrounded by packed dung that provides the resources for offspring development from hatching to adult emergence.
First to second-day pupae were measured, weighed, and then returned to their artificial brood ball until adult eclosion.
Early third instar larvae of each species were transferred from their natural brood ball into 12-well plates to monitor larval development as described previously [ 61].
In the case of O. sagittarius, each female constructs a tunnel after she has mated and then packs it with the stuff in the form of a brooding ball, on which she lays her eggs.
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