The glycine reductase complex is predicted to play an important role in allowing B. pilosicoli to successful colonize a broader range of host species than B. hyodysenteriae, and it also may confer advantages to B. murdochii.
Because IVIG is far from an optimized therapeutic, and responses to IVIG vary considerably among patients, future studies are warranted to identify the broader range of host genetic factors that underlie the observed inter-subject differences in IVIG responses.
This is a particular challenge for wMel given the need to a adapt to a broader range of host cell types, host cell division rates, extracellular/intracellular environments, and ambient temperatures.
It is generally acknowledged that – apart from socioeconomic and demographic factors – a broader range of host response mechanisms, ranging from genetic factors, biological stress mechanisms and psychosocial processes, e.g. coping styles, social network of the patient, operate at the level of the individual, but have also an important influence at the population level [ 31, 33, 34, 36].
Previous work has showed that tachyzoites differentially express a number of SRS genes [ 18], and these expression differences have been postulated to account for the ability of this stage to invade a broader range of host cells than other coccidians [ 10].
Preliminary support for this hypothesis comes from a recent comparative study of sponge-dwelling snapping shrimp (Synalpheus spp ., showing that eusocial species were more abundant and occupied a broader range of host sponge species than non-social sister species (Duffy and Macdonald, 2010).
While some species are host-specific, most have a fairly broad range of hosts, and a number are economically significant plant pathogens.
The findings suggest that the virus may have a remarkably broad range of hosts, Osterhaus says.
RVs have surfaced on every continent except Africa and infect a broad range of hosts, including fish and reptiles, but it is uncommon for them to kill large numbers of individuals in more than one or two species.
S. Enteritidis on the other hand, infects a broad range of hosts including humans, mice and avian species.
