The acoustic phonon broadening efficiency α increased with the normalized background intensity [12].
For low temperature, in which the interaction with acoustic phonon is dominant, linewidth broadening is written as [12, 13]: Γ(T) = Γ 0 + αT, where α accounts for the acoustic phonon broadening efficiency.
Therefore, the excited state of QD1 had a higher acoustic phonon broadening efficiency and suffered more from the LA phonon-assisted scattering effect, which led to a much larger degree of linewidth broadening.
The interaction of the discrete QD excited states with a quasicontinuum of states was investigated in Ref. [12], in which a correlation between the acoustic phonon broadening efficiency and the background intensity in the PLE spectra of single InAs QD was found.
Meanwhile, to compare different values of acoustic phonon broadening efficiencies α for QD1 and QD2, the QD-independent values of the PLE background signal needs to be determined.
Functional exergy efficiency broadens the possibilities of increasing the exergy efficiency of processes taking place in HRE as well as allowing the application of exergy-optimal design and control of energy transformation processes in HVAC systems, the popularity of which is ever more increasing.
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The best efficiency point shifted towards higher flow rate with h/b reducing, and the high efficiency area was broadened by using half vane diffusers.
The proposed loss optimization control strategy can quickly find the optimum flux-weakening current and PWM frequency, and as a result, significantly broaden the high efficiency area of the PMSM direct drive system.
Research in process integration now covers a much wider area than energy conservation and the scope has broadened to include raw materials efficiency, emissions reduction and process operations.
