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In pair-wise broadcast synchronization (PBS) [10], a node gets synchronized by overhearing the exchanged messages from two neighbors.
Pair-wise broadcast synchronization.
Reference broadcast synchronization.
The successive keys,, are to be used with μ TESLA to protect broadcast synchronization messages.
References [2, 3] and [4] are based on reference broadcast synchronization (RBS) which is the most important prototype of R-RS.
Conventional synchronization protocols such as time-synchronization protocol for sensor networks (TPSNs) [2], reference broadcast synchronization (RBS) [3], and flooding time synchronization protocol (FTSP) [4] aim to perform centralized global synchronization for all nodes in wireless sensor network [5].
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Reference-broadcast synchronization (RBS) [10], timing-sync protocol for sensor networks (TPSN) [11], lightweight tree-based synchronization (LTS) [12], and TSync [13] are some examples of these protocols.
Reference-broadcast synchronization does not involve node 1 in the synchronization; only the receivers (nodes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7) synchronize among themselves based on a reference-broadcast message from node 1.
The energy consumption of these nodes is the one corresponding to the transmission mode (S3 state), because they have to broadcast the synchronization request message and then automatically switch to the reception mode (S2 state) so as to receive the synchronization reply messages of their respective children.
μ TESLA is employed to enable efficient digital signatures for BAN-wide broadcast message synchronization.
Normally, this is always the case when the RCB wants to broadcast its synchronization message during the firing time.
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