For a broad scale examination of variation, we performed a principle components analysis of all samples.
This approach would also be substantially cheaper than broad scale applications of insecticide sprays.
On a broad scale, determinants of health include both individual and contextual factors [ 10].
While an assessment of the performance of these classifications in models of forest change was beyond the scope of this paper, we here examine how well the classifications corresponded with local and broad-scale environmental variables.
The broad-scale landscape variables associated with forests, agricultural fields, and wetlands surrounding breeding ponds have been shown to affect anuran abundance and species richness.
Until approximately 2010, additional measurements, focused primarily on forest health, were collected on 1/16 of all plots to allow broad-scale assessment of covered variables.
In a historical context, fluvial geomorphologists are more apt to use physiographic regions to distinguish broad-scale variables, while stream ecologists are more apt to use the concept of an ecosystem to address the broad-scale variables that influence stream habitat.
How and to what extent the longitudinal pattern of channel morphology is influenced by broad-scale variables is important to fluvial geomorphologists and stream ecologists.
Broad-scale variables (i.e., geology, topography, climate, land use, vegetation, and soils) influence channel morphology.
The abundance of most functional groups of waterbirds changed in response to broad scale changes in wetland distribution, while local abundance remained highly variable.
