A broad range of erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) including epoetin-alpha, epoetin-beta, and darbapoetin are currently being used for anemia treatment, but recent studies 1 have raised significant safety concerns due to increased risk of death, blood-clotting, strokes, and heart attacks in patients treated with doses above the recommended levels.
Focus groups (FGs) were used to obtain a broad range of information and stimulate discussion and dialogue [ 24].
Under normal cell culture conditions a broad range of growth factors stimulate signaling pathways, resulting in an increase of PI 3,4,5 P3 [ 26].
The topics of this special issue cover a broad range of applications; they can stimulate improvements in present transmission systems and can help in the realization of future ones.
Our previous publications regarding scientific integrity [4], [5] through the duplicate findings in Déjà vu have stimulated a broad range of discussions on scientific ethics [6], [7].
Therefore, the development of a broad range of strategies, including coaching, to stimulate student learning and encourage optimal group functioning should be a major focus of tutor recruitment and training.
Recently, the bottom-up assembly of a synthetic cell has emerged as a daring novel approach that can be expected to have major impact in generating fundamental insight in the organization and function of actual biological cells, as well as in stimulating a broad range of applications from drug delivery systems to chemical nanofactories.
Fourth, it stimulates a broad range of mature neutrophil functions [15].
The complexity of chitin-mediated inflammatory signaling may stem from the differing abilities of chitins of different chain lengths and particle sizes to stimulate a broad range of receptors.
It was proposed, substantiated by numerous studies, that the humoral immune response is stimulated at a broad range of physiologic estrogen concentrations (post-menopausal through to late pregnancy levels) whereas both the innate and the cellular response are suppressed at high physiologic estrogen concentrations (pregnancy levels).
