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The testing fluids were a medium gravity crude oil, seawater concentration brine, formation equivalent brine and the carbonated version of these brines.
Reactions between reservoir oil, brine, formation rock, and CO2 most probably will lead to changes in the formation permeability, pore size distribution, and the effective porosity.
Flaw leads/polynyas with maximum potential for theoretical salinity increase and dense brine formation are located along the Beaufort Sea coast, where both initial salinities and ice formation rates are high.
Southern central and southeastern Laptev Sea flaw leads/polynyas show weak potentials for salt rejection, theoretical salinity increase and dense brine formation due to extremely low salinities and ice formation rates.
Accurate prediction of brine formation is important for the safe disposal of radioactive waste, because brine composition is an indicator of the corrosiveness of the aqueous environment and the relationship between deliquescence relative humidity and temperature is an indicator of "repository dryness".
The δ18O and δ2H values of brines (∼−3.0‰ and −35‰) are much lower than that of modern seawater, which could be explained by 1) mixing of original (δ18O enriched) brine that was more saline than presently observed, with fresh groundwater recharged by precipitation and/or 2) dilution of the palaeo-seawater with continental runoff prior to and/or during brine formation.
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Different kinds of subsurface reservoirs have been proposed for geologic disposal of greenhouse gases, including saline aquifers (brine formations), depleted or depleting oil and gas reservoirs, and coalbeds.
Sometimes mixing of two incompatible brines (formation water rich in cations such as barium, calcium, strontium and sulfate-rich seawater) leads to precipitation of sulfate scales (BaSO4) (Zahedzadeh et al. 2014).
Figures 5 presents long-term testing in anaerobic conditions using both 1 % brine and formation water.
Figure 5 presents long-term thermal stability testing of hydrogels in both 1 % brine and formation water.
This is due to the fact that hard brine or formation water having high hardness concentration leads to unfavourable solid precipitations and thus reducing the ASP efficiency.
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