Genetic trends of studied traits were estimated by regressing mean of breeding values on birth year.
Genetic trends were determined by regressing yearly estimated mean breeding values on year of birth.
Correlation between breeding values estimated based on genotype and based on a progeny test.
Estimation of breeding values based on DNA marker information is now used in many livestock breeding programs [ 2].
The accuracies of genomic estimated breeding values based on the genomic relationship matrices and breeding values estimated based on the average numerator relationship matrix were compared.
However, reliabilities of breeding values depend on the chosen allele coding system because different allele coding methods change the amount of uncertainty in the estimated breeding values.
One purpose is the estimation of breeding values based on marker genotype data.
We denoted the genomic estimated breeding values based on allele frequency method as GEBVa.
Selection was based on one of the three genomic breeding values, on pedigree BLUP breeding values, or performed at random.
The breeding value approach alluded to above entails first estimating the additive genetic effect for each individual (estimating а using estimated breeding values, â) and then regressing individual fitness on this measure.
