Variation in genetic and phenotypic parameters led to variation in predicted responses for lean and fat weights between breeds, suggesting that in order to design more optimal breeding programmes breed specific parameters should be used.
To avoid pseudo-replication in estimates of the amount of variance explained by each environmental axis on fitness, we performed our analyses using either annual (cohort), nestbox-specific or breeding event specific values of environmental quality, depending on the characteristics of each axis (Table 1).
The shyness-boldness continuum is also found in wolves, the direct ancestors of dogs, indicating that it has remained "evolutionarily stable" despite the pressure of domestication and thousands of years of breeding for specific traits, the researchers said.
Mice were originally purchased from the Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University (Nanjing, P.R. China) and were relocated to Binzhou Medical University (Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China) for breeding in specific pathogen-free animal rooms.
The panel was genotyped using the SolCAP 8303 SNP Infinium array (Felcher et al. 2012), and the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were used to assess genetic structure and divergence, the extent of heterozygosity within wild and cultivated potato, and the effects that breeding for specific market classes had on allelic composition in the potato genome.
It seems that the breeding line-specific susceptibility to A. pleuropneumoniae infection is related to different immune phenotypes, possibly caused by different genetic backgrounds.
The results show that the process of domestication as well as further artificial selection for specific breeding aims has influenced the development of specific biological processes in horse breeds.
Domestication has caused considerable changes in the morphology and behaviour of livestock species, as has artificial selection for the specific traits that were selected during breed formation and subsequently for specific breeding objectives [ 17].
This study tackled the unprecedented question on whether specific variety recommendation and, possibly, specific breeding are necessary for lucerne in organic systems.
Gray (1998) goes further and suggests that for hill sheep farmers, knowledge of local sheep becomes essential in the breeding of specific flocks for specific places, with sheep becoming adapted or 'hefted' to specific areas of land within a region.
